What were the functions of praetor urbanus and praetor peregrinus?

• A. Urbanus administered civil law within Rome; Peregrinus handled cases involving foreigners and non-citizens
• B. Urbanus administrative region; Peregrinus taxes
• C. Urbanus religious duties; Peregrinus military leadership
• D. Urbanus crime prosecutions; Peregrinus tax collection

Answer: (B)

The main idea is that Rome split praetorial authority to handle different groups in court. The praetor urbanus dealt with civil law inside Rome, applying the ius civile to disputes among Roman citizens—covering contracts, property, inheritance, and other private-law matters, with his edict guiding how civil cases were conducted. The praetor peregrinus handled cases involving foreigners and non-citizens, using the ius gentium to regulate interactions between Romans and non-citizens and among peregrini themselves. This setup protected citizen rights while providing a specialized legal mechanism for foreign-related disputes. The other options mix up roles—it's not about regional administration, taxes, religious duties, or military leadership.