What term refers to those who opposed Julius Caesar and his policies during the late Republic?

• A. Fall of Rome
• B. Anti-Caesarian
• C. Roman Army
• D. Carthage

Answer: (B)

Anti-Caesarian describes those who opposed Julius Caesar and his policies in the late Republic. This label covers the senatorial opposition to Caesar’s move toward centralized power and the sense that he aimed to crown himself king, a threat many reformers and traditionalists warned against. In the tense years after Caesar crossed the Rubicon, those aligned with the Senate and traditional constitutional authority—often referred to as the anti-Caesarians—stood against his bid to reshape the Republic, and some of these opponents were the very conspirators who would eventually assassinate him. The other options don’t fit because they refer to things unrelated to Caesar’s political clash: the Fall of Rome is a much later event, the Roman Army is a military institution rather than a political faction, and Carthage was a rival city-state from an earlier era.